Should Parental Consent be required for a Minor to Obtain an Abortion Research Paper

Should Parental Consent be required for a Minor to Obtain an Abortion - Research Paper Example There are laws that restrict a teenager’s access to abortion. In many US states, there are laws that restrict minors under the age of 18 years from procuring an abortion unless their parents’ consent is obtained or they have involved the court. These laws take two forms. Some laws require a physician to seek a parent’s consent before procuring abortion on a minor (Cartoof & Klerman, 2011). Other laws require the parents to be notified before the procedure is performed. Parental involvement is primarily meant to protect the minors. In Planned Parenthood v. Casey, Judges Kennedy, O’Connor, and Souter were of the view that parental involvement and consent is intended to protect the children. The case was based on an assumption that minors will benefit from consultation with parents since parents have their best interests at heart. A study conducted by national researchers concluded that parents display a disappointment when their minors’ report pregnancy cases. However, parents don’t respond with violence, but parental stress is the most probable result of such announcements. Claims that minors may resort to unsafe alternatives, is untrue. A study of self-induced medical abortions in 2007 revealed this fact. In fact, many people who used such methods were adults! No cases were reported where minors resorted to unsafe abortion procedures after disclosing their pregnancy to their parents (Murphy, 2014). It has been established that many juvenile pregnancies result from rape or coercion. In fact, National studies reveal that 70% of teenage pregnancies result from adult sexual partners. These adults may want the minors to procure abortions to save themselves from lawful consequences. Laws on parental consent on abortions prevent such predatory practices on children. The Supreme Court succinctly explains why or how minors benefit from parental involvement.

Report The impact of development management in Scotland Essay

Report The impact of development management in Scotland - Essay Example The needs of communities worldwide have been radically increased the last decades – the increase of the number of their population and the changes in the patterns/ style of life are considered to be the major reasons for the above outcome. The government in Scotland has produced the Planning Act 2006 aiming to support the spatial planning and development across the particular region – among other benefits also achieved through this legal text; in the above Act a new term, the development management, is introduced; this term replaces the previously used term ‘development control’; the aspects of development management are examined in this paper focusing on the value of this concept on the spatial planning process. The case of Local Development plan produced by the Aberdeenshire Council is used as an example to highlight the value of development management as an effective framework for creating effective spatial plans. The concept of development management has been introduced in order to respond to the increased needs for effective spatial development. In the past, the progress of spatial planning has been monitored using various policies taking into consideration the characteristics and the needs of each community; spatial development emphasizes on the integration of the relevant activities, i.e. the simultaneous development of various planning initiatives so that the improvement of the spatial structure of a specific region to be guaranteed. In this way, development management can lead to the increase of the effectiveness of the governmental policies in relation to the spatial development and control; the improvement of the relationship between the government and the local communities is then expected to follow. In order to understand the value of development management – especially in comparison to previous concepts, like the development control – it is necessary to refer

Let the Free

Let the Freewriting Flow Essay Peter Elbow, author of the article â€Å"Freewriting† argues that using the technique freewriting is very beneficial for writers. Freewriting is nonstop writing without correcting or checking what you’ve already written. Elbow says writers should use this exercise at least three times a week to improve their writing skills. I strongly agree with his assessment from personal use of this technique. While writing my first freewrite I realized I was less stressed, I felt like the paper displayed my character more, and I was able to share all of my ideas without losing them. We are so caught up in trying to sound educated and proper in our writings it sometimes can take away from the actual piece. Writing while under stress often turns out in a disaster, usually why my pieces of writing aren’t always the best. Just like Elbow has said the reason people get so stressed while writing is because of how we are taught throughout school â€Å"schooling makes us obsessed with the mistakes we make in writing. Many people constantly think about spelling and grammar as they try to write. I am always thinking about the awkwardness, wordiness, and general mushiness of my natural verbal product as I try to write down words† (Elbow). This is completely true, the way we are taught in school adds a great deal of stress to the writer. At the beginning of every paper I’ve ever written for school I’ve always had stress because writing was never my strong suit to begin with and the requirements made it that much harder for me to develop a paper. Giving people such high standards for writing, yet telling them to make it their own is quite difficult for the writer because they are more worried about the structure rather than the actual content of the piece. People are also under stress while writing a paper because of who could be reading their piece, audience has a major impact on how a writer constructs their paper. With freewriting though you only have to worry about yourself reading over the paper so your ideas will flow easier onto the page because you a ren’t watching what your write in fear of offending someone. You are able to fully be yourself  throughout the piece. It’s difficult to incorporate character into your writing when you have to follow so many guidelines and worry about so many different things. Elbow states in his writing that you have a voice which is the main source of power in your writing, and unfortunately that â€Å"voice is damped out by all the interruptions, changes, and hesitations between the consciousness and the page† (Elbow). If we all had the same voice and then no ones writing would really be all that special. Freewriting helps the writer to find that voice because they are writing their exact ideas without anything interrupting them. Once they are done with the freewrite they are able to go back and fix it up a little but it will still be their voice and how they felt in the first place. Elbow makes a good point at the end of his piece saying that you only have one voice and you can’t give up on that voice no matter how much you may dislike it because without it you will never be heard, and your writing will never be your own. To me making the piece your own and to actually enjoy writing it is what writing should be about. Not the grammar mist akes, or how well it all flows. It should be about your thoughts and how you feel they should be expressed into a piece of writing. If writing is considered such a personal thing then we shouldn’t be so critiqued on every little thing throughout it. It’s happened more times than not when a writer loses an idea because they were too busy checking back on a previous one and trying to make it better. Using Elbow’s freewriting technique will ensure you to never lose an idea because as soon as it pops into your head you are able to write it down, even if it doesn’t exactly belong right there. Elbow also says that his technique stops the writer from editing their piece while writing allowing the ideas to flow more easily. I know from personal experience I lose ideas constantly because I’m worried about the previous paragraph, and if it was really good enough. When I wrote my freewrite I did not lose any ideas, I was able to get exactly what I wanted to say into that piece of writing and in the end if I wanted to I was able to go back and expand on them. Peter Elbow, author of the arti cle â€Å"Freewriting† has helped me be able to form a more well developed piece of writing through his technique, freewriting. This exercise has helped me stay calmer while I write my paper and helps me to not worry about what I’m writing the entire time. I benefit from Elbow’s technique this because once all of my ideas are out on paper I am able to go back and  form them into well-developed paragraphs just like I am required to do. The requirements from professors, bosses or whoever the audience may be will prevent someone from writing the best they can and making a piece their own because they are too worried about what the audience will think of it or if it’s good enough for their standards. For anyone who has trouble with forming ideas, or gets too caught up in the editing part of the paper while still writing should try out Elbow’s exercise freewriting and they may be surprised at how well it works and how much it may help them. I know I sure was shocked at how much it helped me especially after being a little uneasy about it at first I was pleasantly surprised. The freewriting exercise is what helped me develop this paper. I sat down for about an hour and was able to get all of my ideas down with no worries about grammar errors, or my audience, all I focused on was my ideas and what I thought was best to say in this paper. After I had finished it I went back and turned the freewrite into this piece. Since it worked so well for me I will now use freewriting before I start any of my papers in the future. Citation: Elbow, Peter. Freewriting. Freewriting. Center for Learning, Teaching, Communication, and Research, n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2014. http://faculty.buffalostate.edu/wahlstrl/eng309/Freewriting.pdf.

Joseph Stalin Essay -- Biography Soviet Union European History

Joseph Stalin Joseph Stalin was one of the biggest mass murderers of the twentieth century. From the purges in the Red Army to forced relocations, Stalin had the blood of millions on his hands. This essay is not going to debate the fact that this was indeed a brutal and power hungry individual, because he was indeed just that. I will on the other hand show you that through his way of governing the Soviet Union, he actually saved mother Russia from the German invasion in World War Two through his cunning and ruthlessness. Joseph Stalin was a very industrious person and used every means possible to better prepare his country for the coming war that he believed was inevitable. Wether it was diplomatic plotting, economic maneuvering, or just plain brute force, Stalin used every tool in his vast arsenal. The following are some of the more important decisions and methods that Stalin employed. Stalin was forced to consolidate his power through harsh means to better rule the Soviet Union. He ordered the five year plans to industrialize the nation and ordered one of the largest military build up plans ever. Stalin attempted many times to reach a diplomatic solution and ways to delay war with the Axis powers while at the same time trying to guarantee security from the West. Stalin wanted nothing less than to rule the Soviet Union and make her the greatest country in the world and he would stop at nothing to reach those goals. In his quest for leadership Stalin wished to consolidate his power in only himself, t hus enabling him to better rule the Soviet Union. Stalin's roots in politics go all the way back to him being expelled from the theological seminary in Tiflis, Georgia in 1899. This was where Stalin got his first real taste for politics and from that point on his political ambitions grew greater and greater. Stalin soon joined up with the Social Democratic Party and after the party split over ideological differences in 1903, Stalin joined the Bolshevik party under Vladimir Lenin. From 1903 to 1912 Stalin was arrested, and managed to escape, several times. He was exiled to Siberia from 1913 to 1917, returning only after the fall of the Tsar. With the fall of the Tzar and the country in the hands of the revolutionaries Stalin believed it to be the perfect time to come back and renew his political ambitions. Stalin was appointed Commissar of Nationalities ... ... military industry at the beginning of the war and up-to-date equipment was starting to be delivered to the front. The movement of the war industry east contributed to the lack of material but proved to be the saving grace of the army in the end. At the end the Soviet war industries were producing some of the best equipment in the world. In the end I do believe that through Stalin's leadership the Soviet Union was saved. Had it been under the leadership of the intended Communist bureaucracy it would have surely fallen. As we have seen in our country even simple matters can take forever to go into effect or get started under a bureaucracy. In that highly volatile and dangerous time period only an iron fisted rule could bring about change fast enough to due any good. True in the short term peoples right were trampled upon and millions died from famine, purges, and the war itself but in the end hundred's of millions were saved. Bibliography Robert Conquest, The Great Terror, (Toronto: Macmillan and Co. Ltd, 1968), p.123. Alexander Werth, Russia at War, (London: Barrie and Rockcliff, 1964), p.19. Isaac Deutscher, Stalin, (New York: Oxford University Pres, Inc 1967.

Music and Crime

Music and crime are two very distinctly different but related things. Music has effects other than providing pleasure to listeners. On one hand, music may affect emotions in such a way that it may trigger a person to justify a criminal act. On the other hand, it can also help suppress a potential criminal’s emotions, which may possibly prevent crime from happening. For most people, classical music is that which usually has a positive effect. It may calm the violent instinct that is deep within a person, especially those who have no other means to release these instincts.   Thus, classical music may have a negative effect on crime. Music and crime can be correlated through an individual’s mood. The mood that music inherently suggests is usually reflected in one's thoughts. To clarify, crime may be usually driven by a person's mentality, while music can influence one's thinking.   In some forms of music, there are seemingly subliminal messages that may cause a variety of effects for different personalities. The subliminal messages that could influence a person can be a contributing factor in crimes (Cooper). However, other forms of music, like classical music, are popularly believed to have positive effect that can prevent potential criminals from committing crimes. For instance, some studies also show that classical music has the effect of keeping the violent instinct down.   This can be attributed to the kind of slow, meditative and soothing quality that classical music has in trying to deal with certain elements, such as brute force and violence. It can bring back gentle and tender memories of a person, which would most likely result in bringing out the gentle emotions that a person might have hidden deep inside of him (Partenheimer).This can have the unexpected effect of eliminating the kind of violent instinct that leads to crime.   For instance, in West Palm Beach, Florida, authorities found that playing classical music in the streets have lessened the criminal incidents in the said street (USA Today). Everyone is subjected to music with embedded messages.   There are kinds of music that seems harmless and innocent that may actually influence one to commit crimes if it has an embedded negative message.   This occurs because people have different levels of comprehension; these negative messages may unconsciously encourage them to commit crimes. If a person was exposed to music with a positive message, like that of classical music, the person that might have been previously inclined to commit crimes will be persuaded to gently stop committing crimes.   Moreover, a person's mood can also be influenced by music.   Basically, it works in the same way subliminal messages do. However, it only targets more of the emotional side of a person (Wilson). People who might have been in the mood for violent acts or criminally prosecutable actions will be very reluctant to engage in these kinds of acts if there is a big emotional weight pressing their feelings. This is the power that classical music has; it is capable of influencing the kind of mood that a person has. Classical music may help encourage resistance for criminal thoughts that will prove to be beneficial to one's psychological state. Classical music has the kind of ephemeral quality that the human mind cannot possibly comprehend in all its subtleties.   For this reason, the mind cannot actively stop the kind of influence that music exerts. The human mind unconsciously follows the lead made by the kind of music it is exposed to since the sounds are not hindered by simple syntax of human language. The kind of wordless but emotionally tangible quality that is inherent in classical music takes it straight to the inner workings of the human emotion. There is nothing but the defenseless inner self or ego that bears to receive the kind of message that the music has.   Since classical music transcends the usual human emotional barriers through its capability to affect emotions, the person's thoughts and mood is usually affected as well.   In turn, it also strongly influences the actions of the person. Classical music is powerful because it targets the basic emotions that can influence a person’s intention to commit crimes. In addition, classical music can influence a person in a relatively peaceful or positive way.   Even if there are various reasons behind criminal or deviant acts coming in many forms, all of them are at least connected to some emotions as part of the underlying reasons hidden deep in the part of the human psyche. Classical music, which has an unfathomable effect on the human psyche, can highly influence a person’s decision to commit a crime. In conclusion, classical music is conducive to positive emotions; therefore, it has a negative effect on crime because it triggers a positive effect on one's emotions and thinking.   The effect of such musical forms and the mood it represents has the capacity to diminish a person's violent instinct, as well as to keep criminal thought at bay.   In this way, classical music can be instrumental in preventing crimes. Works Cited â€Å"Classical Music on West Palm Corner Deters Crime.†Ã‚   USA Today. 8 July 2001. The Associated Press. 22 March 2008   Cooper, Candy. â€Å"Subliminal Messages, Heavy Metal Music and Teen-age Suicide.† San Francisco Examiner. 29 September 1989. 5 March 2008 â€Å"What are subliminal effects?† World of Mouth Experiment. 2007. 5 March 2008 Wilson, Stephanie. â€Å"The effects of Music on Perceived Atmosphere and Purchase Notions in Restaurant.†(Abstract). Psychology of Music 31.1 (2003): 93-112. 5 March 2008 Partenheimer, David. â€Å"Violent Music Lyrics Increase Agreesive Thoughts and Feelings, According to New Study.† APA. 2003. 5 March 2008 â€Å"Classical Music on West Palm Corner Deters Crime.†Ã‚   USA Today. 8 July 2001. The Associated Press. 22 March 2008 < http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2001/07/08/music.htm>      

the disapering degree Essay examples - 792 Words

Student: Andre Robinson Grand Canyon University: PHI-305 16 FEB 2014 This paper renders a point of view on the ethical dilemma presented in the case study of the Disappearing Degree from the ethical stand point of view the writer. This paper also weighs in on the philosophical viewpoints of Hobbes, Hume’s and Kent’s theories that are consistent with their views on ethics and human nature. The View of the Writer In this Ethical Dilemma Connie has to take everything into account. First, Connie should look at whether or not the position requires a PH.D, and if it does not have the panel members revote. Second, the committee should consider the type of†¦show more content†¦Hume’s perspective on Mr. Craft’s actions given his philosophy on human nature and humankind’s motives may have prompted Hume to view Mr. Craft’s omission, and threat of suing as proof that he was acting in self-interest or lying to get ahead. Thus, Hume would have voted no dismissing Mr. Craft from the application process. Hobbes Response Hobbes views on the dilemma may have yet been different in contrast to Hume’s. Hobbes believes that individuals are free to use their mental and physical capacities to do what is essential to conserve their lives in the state of nature (Cambridge, 2007). This right deems to permit individuals to even take the lives of others if such action is necessary to preserve their own lives. Hobbes philosophy on the state of human nature when faced with competition, desire for position and power is that it leads to situations of severe conflict and irrational decisions. Thus, Hobbes may have decided to hire Mr. Craft with the notion of not faulting him for acting the way human nature was designed. Kant’s Response Kant’s perception on the ethical dilemma would have been differed in contrast to Hobbes’s. Kant believes that we should act out of moral duty, and use the principles of rationalization rather than desire. Kent believes that the desire for any expected consequence or emotional feeling may cause us to act out of inclination, and a desire for a

The s Comments Were Denied By Crews - 913 Words

Organes’s comments were denied by Crews, though, who called the statement â€Å"unfair† inasmuch as it categorizes the Wakulla incident as one that occurs in the majority of prisons rather than â€Å"the actions of a few people† (Reynolds, 2014). Another cause of corruption is officers developing friendships to some degree with particular inmates (Brasswell, McCarthy, McCarthy, 2008). While this is not necessarily a negative aspect of the job, it can lead to corruption. â€Å"Friends† are expected to look out for each other; this means that guards are expected to allow the befriended inmates to have certain luxuries. In the event of the formation of such relationships, an occurrence similar to Stockholm syndrome, with the effects reversed, may occur. The guard (the captor, in this case) may begin to feel that his â€Å"friend† (the captured inmate) is also a victim. That feeling, in turn, will lead to a heightened sense of compassion toward the inmate and an increased sense of duty to assist the inmate whenever and wherever possible. Finally, it long has been recognized that the placement of male officers in a female prison is often the petri dish for growing corruption (Brasswell, McCarthy, McCarthy, 2008). As exhibited in the Maryland incident, though, it is certainly not limited to male guards. It is, in fact, an occurrence that occurs in virtually all opposite-sex cultures. Aside from the natural attraction that occurs between individuals, there is also the possibility,Show MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of Ronald Wilson Reagan1432 Words   |  6 Pagesand was hired by Warner Brothers. He was cast in a string of B rated movies. In fact by the end of his career Ronald had starred in over 70 films. During one of these films, Brother Rat, Ronald met actress Jane Wyman and on January 6, 1940 the two were married. 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